Tumor necrosis factor-associated apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), also known as CD253 or TNFSF10, is produced and secreted by most normal tissue cells. TRAIL binds to the death receptors DR4(TRAil-RI) and DR5(TRAil-RII). The process of apoptosis depends on caspase-8. Caspase-8 activates downstream caspases, including procaspase-3, 6, and 7, activating specific kinases. TRAIL also binds to receptors DcR1 that do not contain cytoplasmic regions and DcR2 that contain truncated death domains. DcR1 can act as TRAIL neutralizing receptor. The cytoplasmic region of DcR2 is functional and can activate NF-κB. Thus, in DCR2-expressing cells, TRAIL binding activates NF-κB, resulting in transcription of genes that antagonize death signaling pathways and/or promote inflammation.