Matrix metalloproteinase 1(MMP-1), also known as interstitial collagenase and fibroblast collagenase, is encoded by the MMP1 gene in humans. MMP-1 is produced by fibroblasts, chondrocytes, macrophages, keratinocytes, endothelial cells, and osteoblasts. Its production is upregulated by a variety of stimuli including cytokines (such as EGF, interleukin, and TNF-α) and chemicals, and is inhibited by TIMP-1, TIMP-2, and α2-macroglobulin. MMP-1 plays an important role in the degradation of collagen fibers in extracellular matrix remodeling and is involved in a variety of biological processes including rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, periodontal disease, tumor invasion, angiogenesis, corneal ulcers, tissue remodeling, inflammatory bowel disease, atherosclerosis, and aneurysms. In addition, MMP-1 also lyses a variety of substrates such as casein, gelatin, proteoglycan, endogenous hormone, tumor promoting necrosis factor, and chondroconnexin.